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Ernst Freese : ウィキペディア英語版
Ernst Freese

Dr. Ernst Freese (September 27, 1925 - March 30, 1990) was a molecular biologist whose groundbreaking work was crucial in understanding the mechanism of mutations in DNA. From 1962 until his death he was Chief of the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) Laboratory of Molecular Biology at the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Ernst Freese's remarkable scientific career started in theoretical particle physics and later moved to molecular biology where he made seminal contributions in the early days of genetics.
== Education and academic career ==
Ernst Freese began his career as a student of physics with Werner Heisenberg at the University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany, where Freese received his PhD in 1953 in work in theoretical particle physics. He came to the United States in 1954 to work as a postdoctoral fellow with Enrico Fermi at the University of Chicago. He started his career in biology at Max Delbrück's laboratory at the California Institute of Technology in 1955. He held research positions at the University of Cologne (1956-1957) and Harvard University (1957-1959), where he worked with James Watson. Freese joined the University of Wisconsin as an Associate Professor of genetics in 1959 and established the university's first molecular biology program. In 1962 he moved to the National Institutes of Health (NIH) as Chief of the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) Laboratory of Molecular Biology. He held this position until his death. The other laboratory chiefs included Marshall Warren Nirenberg and Daniel Carleton Gajdusek. Freese was also the Director of the Basic Neurosciences Program at NINDS from 1987.

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